Monday, January 08, 2007

I wish I were decimated by taxes...

This is a public service announcement to everyone who uses the word "decimate".

Inigo Montoya: You keep using that word. I do not think it means what you think it means.

De-ci-mate: Latin for... one tenth (deci-), to kill (-mate) .
To kill 1/10th.

It should not be used as it was by Washington Post columnist William A Arkin describing Iraq:

In other words, short of decimating the insurgents and the militias and the terrorists in an all-out renewed war, which isn't going to happen, what has already happened has left behind an image and a legacy that withdrawal won't make worse.

I imagine we've decimated the terrorists a few times over, but it takes a half dozen decimations to even get a majority.

Nor should it be used as by this McGill Professor

I’ve always thought of some of what academics do as “playing at” being of a higher social class than we are. Major field-wide conferences [cough]NCA![/cough]are held at hotels so expensive that they decimate university travel budgets.


I could be wrong, but I think he's complaining that the hotel cuts into a lot more than 10% of the travel budget (or he goes to too many conferences!).

So what makes a professional writer (and his editor) and a college professor all flub it up?

Decimate has come to be such a loaded word because its use by the Romans was punitive and barbaric. When a legion failed to perform they could be decimated, in which they would draw straws and the 9/10ths of the "winners" would be forced to bludgeon every 10th member to death. I can only imagine that was a pretty horrible occurance, and much of that horror persists in the word to this day.

1 Comments:

Anonymous Anonymous said...

Note the rhetorical use under definition 4 from the Oxford English Dictionary. Guess it's not so cut and dried (which is also a metaphor).

decimate, v.
SECOND EDITION 1989
(dsmet) [f. L. decim-re to take the tenth, f. decim-us tenth: see -ATE3. Cf. F. décimer (16th c.).]

1. To exact a tenth or a tithe from; to tax to the amount of one-tenth. Obs. In Eng. Hist., see DECIMATION 1.

1656 in BLOUNT Glossogr. 1657 MAJOR-GEN. DESBROWE Sp. in Parlt. 7 Jan., Not one man was decimated but who had acted or spoken against the present government. 1667 DRYDEN Wild Gallant II. i, I have heard you are as poor as a decimated Cavalier. 1670 PENN Lib. Consc. Debated Wks. 1726 I. 447 The insatiable Appetites of a decimating Clergy. 1738 NEAL Hist. Purit. IV. 96 That all who had been in arms for the king..should be decimated; that is pay a tenth part of their estates. a1845 [see DECIMATED].
2. To divide into tenths, divide decimally. Obs.

1749 SMETHURST in Phil. Trans. XLVI. 22 The Chinese..are so happy as to have their Parts of an Integer in their Coins, &c. decimated.
3. Milit. To select by lot and put to death one in every ten of (a body of soldiers guilty of mutiny or other crime): a practice in the ancient Roman army, sometimes followed in later times.

1600 J. DYMMOK Treat. Ireland (1843) 42 All..were by a martiall courte condemned to dye, which sentence was yet mittigated by the Lord Lieutenants mercy, by which they were onely decimated by lott. 1651 Reliq. Wotton. 30 In Ireland..he [Earl of Essex] decimated certain troops that ran away, renewing a peece of the Roman Discipline. 1720 OZELL Vertot's Rom. Rep. I. III. 185 Appius decimated, that is, put every Tenth Man to death among the Soldiers. 1840 NAPIER Penins. War VI. XXII. v. 293 The soldiers could not be decimated until captured. 1855 MACAULAY Hist. Eng. IV. 577 Who is to determine whether it be or be not necessary..to decimate a large body of mutineers?
4. transf. a. To kill, destroy, or remove one in every ten of. b. rhetorically or loosely. To destroy or remove a large proportion of; to subject to severe loss, slaughter, or mortality.

1663 J. SPENCER Prodigies (1665) 385 The..Lord..sometimes decimates a multitude of offenders, and discovers in the personal sufferings of a few what all deserve. 1812 W. TAYLOR in Monthly Rev. LXXIX. 181 An expurgatory index, pointing out the papers which it would be fatiguing to peruse, and thus decimating the contents into legibility. 1848 C. BRONTË Let. in Mrs. Gaskell Life 276 Typhus fever decimated the school periodically. 1875 LYELL Princ. Geol. II. III. xlii. 466 The whole animal Creation has been decimated again and again. 1877 FIELD Killarney to Golden Horn 340 This conscription weighs very heavily on the Mussulmen..who are thus decimated from year to year. 1883 L. OLIPHANT Haifa (1887) 76 Cholera..was then decimating the country.
Hence decimated, decimating ppl. adjs.

1661 MIDDLETON Mayor of Q. Pref., Now whether this magistrate fear'd the decimating times. 1667, 1670 [see 1]. a1845 SYD. SMITH Wks. (1850) 688 The decimated person.

6:33 PM  

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